How hormone therapy affects blood pressure differently in transgender men, women

性别确认激素疗法, which uses hormones to align an individual's physical characteristics with their gender identity, has been linked to blood pressure changes in transgender men and women, 新研究发现.

The study, published Monday in the 美国心脏协会 journal 高血压, showed gender-affirming hormone therapy raised average systolic blood pressure in transgender men while lowering it in transgender women. Systolic blood pressure is the force the heart exerts upon artery walls with each beat. When too high, it is a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke.

The study adds to evidence suggesting a need to closely monitor blood pressure in transgender and gender diverse people because of their higher rates of high blood pressure, 也被称为高血压, than the general population and a high rate of heart attacks and strokes.

Although doctors have been prescribing gender-affirming hormone therapy for more than 25 years, there are still "many important gaps in our knowledge about the effects of hormone therapy for transgender people,该研究的资深作者Dr. 迈克尔年代. Irwig在线上电子游戏飞禽走兽发布会上说. Irwig is an associate professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School and director of transgender medicine at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston.

先前的研究 shows transgender men were almost 5 times as likely to report having a heart attack compared to cisgender women, 这些人的个人身份与他们出生时的性别一致. 相反, transgender women were more than 2 1/2 times more likely to have reported a heart attack than cisgender women – yet they did not have a significant increase in heart attack incidence when compared with cisgender men. 然而, 2020年的一项分析发现 most of the studies examining gender-affirming hormones and blood pressure had sample sizes that were too small to detect statistically significant differences in blood pressure.

在新的研究中, researchers followed 470 people receiving hormone therapy at a medical center in Washington, D.C.，八年了。. 在治疗开始后的两到四个月内, transgender women saw an average decrease of 4 mmHg in their systolic blood pressure, 但跨性别男性平均增加了2%.6毫米汞柱. 在女性中, 2期高血压的患病率, 当血压至少为140/90时, 从19%下降到10%.

即使在群体内部，也存在差异. Some transgender men and women saw blood pressure changes trend in the opposite direction from their gender-identity peers. The researchers noted this is an area requiring further investigation.

Blood pressure and other preventive screenings are key in transgender and LGBTQ communities, 根据 去年的一份科学声明 来自美国心脏协会. The statement also said it was important to include LGBTQ health in clinical training and licensure requirements for health care professionals to help reduce cardiovascular health disparities.

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